Ode on a Grecian URL

Wednesday, September 28, 2005

Death to the Five Paragraphs!

The third hebdomadal topic is below, but I'm sure you know that.

A number of you have asked about how to structure an essay if the AP English five paragraph format isn't what I'm looking for. This is a very good question, and here is the answer: an essay should be structured so that every paragraph after the introduction builds closely off of the paragraph that preceded it - in toto, these paragraphs should address a single important question and should suggest something about the consequence of the answer. (Often, the answer is just a better question. That's good.)

Another way of putting this is that your essay should follow a question, evidence, analysis, question structure. (It's too bad that QEAQ doesn't make a good acronym.) Let me spell this out:
  1. Your first paragraph should introduce, immediately and in detail, the question you want your essay to answer.
  2. Your second paragraph should offer some evidence - usually a close reading of a passage or stanza - that begins to answer this question. Furthermore, it should begin to analyze that evidence: what does it mean? What is its importance?
  3. Your third paragraph should further that analysis and return it to the original question: how does your analysis begin to answer the question? How does it complicate the question? Within this paragraph you should begin to ask how this evidence and analysis suggests a new, broader question. You can ask this new, broader question in this paragraph, or maybe you'll want to take the whole fourth paragraph to describe the new question.
This isn't a formula - many questions will take a full paragraph of evidence and two of analysis before you can get anywhere, for example. Sometimes you will be able to do all four steps inside a single paragraph.

The goal here is to think of an essay as progressive, each idea building off of all the ideas that precede it. Your essay, like Middlemarch, is a kind of experiment: determine the question you want to ask and the parameters by which you wish to constrain it. After that, it's just scientific method: formulate a hypothesis, challenge it with experimentation (evidence and analysis), and formulate a new hypothesis to replace the old one.
:: posted by Mike, 5:34 PM